January 28, 2025
LAST UPDATED: 1/28/2025
Avian flu, also known as bird flu, is caused by avian influenza A viruses that spread between wild birds and can infect domestic poultry, such as chickens and turkeys. The H5N1 causes occasional outbreaks in U.S. poultry and dairy livestock. Avian flu is very contagious among birds; however, it does not normally infect humans. When human infection occurs, it is most often the result of direct or close contact with infected birds or dairy cows.
Symptoms of avian flu in humans range from no symptoms or mild symptoms to severe symptoms. Mild symptoms include eye redness and irritation, mild fever (temperature of 100˚F or higher), cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, and fatigue. Moderate to severe symptoms include high fever, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, altered consciousness, and seizures.
Those at highest risk for avian flu are people with job-related or recreational exposures to birds and other animals that can be infected with avian flu.
The best way to prevent avian flu is to avoid contact with sick or dead birds, poultry, or other animals whenever possible. If you must have direct or close contact with these animals, wear personal protective equipment (PPE).
Other ways to prevent bird flu include:
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